CEDU

· * the ability of individuals and organizations to perform their functions effectively, efficiently and sustainably (UNDP, Capacity Development: Lessons of Experience and Guiding Principles, 1995 (approx.). 29 pp. See Glossary entries for definitions of effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability.

· the values, skills, systems, relationships and resources that allow individuals and/or groups, organizations and societies to formulate and achieve their desired objectives over time (Morgan, Peter, CIDA Workshop on Capacity Development Strategies and Indicators, April 2-3, 1998.

· * the process by which individuals, organizations, institutions and societies develop abilities (individually and collectively) to perform functions, solve problems and set and achieve objectives ( Capacity Development , Technical Advisory Paper 2, UNDP Management Development and Governance Division).

the process by which individuals, groups, organizations, institutions and societies increase their abilities to understand and deal with their development needs in a broad context and in a sustainable manner ( Taschereau , Suzanne, Capacity Development: From Concept to Operations – An Analytical Guide, paper produced for CIDA Policy Branch. October, 1997)

training and education, organizations and their management, task networks and linkages, legal and regulatory environment, public sector context, and broader action environment (economic, social, cultural and political milieu)

· non-renewable resources; the finite capacity of natural systems to produce renewable resources; the capacity of natural systems to absorb pollutants without side effects.

· the ability of people to work to achieve common purposes in groups or organizations. It is the shared knowledge, understanding and patterns of interaction that a group of people bring to any productive activity.

· Bonding Social Capital – the connections to people like yourself (classmates, work colleagues, neighbours , for example)

· Bridging Social Capital – the connections to people who are not like you in some demographic sense but who are important for your professional life

· Linkage Social Capital - the connections with people in power, whether they are in politically or financially influential positions

(3) but do not seek to replace either state agents or private (re)producers or to

(4) but do agree to act within pre-established rules of a ‘civil' or legal nature.”

(Philippe Schmitter , quoted in Civil Society – Democratic Perspectives , Robert

(a) the totality of self-initiating and self-regulating volitional social formations, peacefully pursuing a common interest, advocating a common cause, or expressing a common passion; respecting the right of others to do the same, and maintaining their relative autonomy vis-a-vis the state, the family, and the market. [Adam Kuper and Jessica Kuper ( eds .). The Social Science Encyclopedia. Second Edition. London and New York : Routledge , 1996. pp. 88-90]

(b) an intermediate realm situated between state and household, populated by organized groups or associations which are separate from the state, enjoy some autonomy in relations with the state, and are formed voluntarily by members of society to protect or extend their interests, values or identities. [James Manor, “Civil Society and Governance – A Concept Paper” , Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex website, August, 1999.

any grouping of human beings who enter into a sustainable relationship with each other for the purpose of improving themselves and the world in which they live

· the planned evolution of all aspects of community well being (economic, social, environmental and cultural). This is a process by which community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to the common problems facing them. The scope of a community development initiative can range from the very small (involving a small group of people) to a large-scale long-term initiative involving a whole town or religious or social group. (Source: Frank, Flo , and Anne Smith, The Community Development Handbook – A Tool to Build Community Capacity, HRDC Canada )

a “grassroots” process by which communities

become more responsible
organize and plan together
develop healthy options
empower themselves
reduce ignorance, poverty and suffering
create employment and economic opportunities, and
achieve social, economic, cultural and environmental goals.

(Source: Frank, Flo , and Anne Smith, The Community Development Handbook – A Tool to Build Community Capacity, HRDC Canada )

a process by which communities can initiate and generate their own solutions to their common economic problems and, by doing so, build long-term community capacity and foster the integration of economic, social and environmental objectives. (Based on Ross/ McRobie Report, 1987, which formed the basis for the establishment of Simon Fraser University's Community Economic Development Centre).

· a comprehensive, multi-faceted strategy for the revitalization of community economies, with a special relevance to communities under economic and social stress. Through the development of organizations and institutions, resources and alliances are put in place that are democratically controlled by the community. They mobilize local resources (people, finances, technical expertise, and real property) in partnership with resources from outside the community for the purpose of empowering community members to create and manage new and expanded businesses, specialized institutions and organizations.

· positive change, involving social change, in which a community becomes more complex, adding institutions, increasing its collective power, strengthening its capacity to deal with issues, and changing the quality of its organization.

· the ratio of outputs (or resources used to produce outputs) per unit of outcome; the degree to which outputs affect outcomes and impact (see RBM)

· the ratio of inputs needed per unit of output produced: physical, dollars, labour; the extent to which resources are available for and are appropriately applied to the activities for which they are targeted

· the gaining of strength in the various ways necessary to be able to move out of poverty (rather than literally taking over power from somebody else)

· the exercise of authority and control in a society in relation to the management of its resources for social and economic development

· qualitative or quantitative measures of project inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, impact, used to monitor the progress made toward the achievement of expected results

· a describable or measurable developmental change of state (a change in the human condition) that is derived from a cause and effect relationship

· the output, outcome or impact which comes about because of an investment of resources (financial, technical and human)

· the product of the administrative and management side of an agency and its programs and projects

Result - Output

· a short-term developmental change of state arising logically from project activities (that is, deriving from a cause-and-effect relationship), usually appearing immediately after an activity has taken place (in Ukrainian, a first-level result)

· a medium-term result that is the logical consequence of achieving a combination of outputs, realistically visible within the time frame of a project or program (in Ukrainian, a second-level result)

· a long-term developmental result that is a logical consequence of achieving a combination of outputs and outcomes (in Ukrainian, a third-level result)

· a subset of social capital, the capacity of citizens to form new associations and to work together within these new associations according to the terms of reference that are agreed upon.

· the persistence of project benefits over time, especially after project funding has ended

Glossary

DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS OF KEY TERMS

Result - Output